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Minnesota Climate Adaptation and Resilience Cost Study
March 2026
Minnesota’s Pollution Control Agency published the “Minnesota Climate Adaptation and Resilience Cost Study” in March 2026, in compliance with the 2024 Minnesota Session Laws, Ch. 116, Article 2, Sec. 33 to “carry out a study on climate adaptation and resilience costs.” The study analyzes the cost of inaction, cost of adaptation, and residual risks under three potential climate change scenarios (intermediate, high, and very high emissions).
Related Organizations: Minnesota Pollution Control Agency
Resource Category: Assessments
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Maryland Coastal Adaptation Report Card 2021
January 21, 2022
On January 21, 2022, the Maryland Commission on Climate Change’s Adaptation and Resiliency Work Group in collaboration with the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science Integration and Application Network (UMCES-IAN) released the 2021 Maryland Coastal Adaptation Report Card. Informed by stakeholder engagement, the Coastal Adaptation Report Card “gives a snapshot of the current adaptation status in Maryland’s coastal zone, and establishes a framework for measuring future progress.
Related Organizations: University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science
Resource Category: Assessments
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North Carolina Sea Level Rise Risk Management Project
August 5, 2021
North Carolina is significantly vulnerable to sea level rise due to its landform and unique coastal habitats. The North Carolina Sea Level Rise Risk Management Project evaluated the potential changes in coastal flooding hazards due to rising sea levels and increased storm frequency and intensity, including changes to human and natural systems. The project produced a final report in 2012 describing hazards and risks, as well as preferred mitigation and adaptation options.
Related Organizations: EcoAdapt, North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
Authors or Affiliated Users: Kathryn Braddock, Jessi M. Kershner
Resource Category: Assessments
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Nature-Based Goals and Actions in Local Mitigation Plans
May 2021
The Environment law Institute (ELI) report “Nature-Based Goals and Actions in Local Mitigation Plans” examines the extent to which nature-based strategies (NBS) are included in the hazard mitigation plans (HMPs) written by county and regional authorities. About three-fifths of the HMPs reviewed by ELI include some type of nature-based mitigation, with the plurality of actions being in restoration and “conservation/preservation/management.”
Related Organizations: Environmental Law Institute (ELI)
Authors or Affiliated Users: Rebecca Kihslinger, Avi Li, Heather Luedke
Resource Category: Assessments
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The Cost of Climate: America’s Growing Flood Risk
February 2021
In February 2021, the First Street Foundation released a report -- The Cost of Climate -- that analyzes the financial risks and economic impacts of flooding across the country. As a whole, the report estimated losses from current and future flood risks to residential properties in the contiguous United States. Current annual flood losses are estimated to be around $20 billion. With sea-level rise and increased freshwater flooding from climate change, these annual flood losses are estimated to increase by 61% to $32 billion by 2051.
Related Organizations: First Street Foundation
Resource Category: Assessments
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Climate and Health in Oregon: 2020 Report
2020
The 2020 report “Climate Change and Health in Oregon,” issued by the Oregon Health Authority (OHA), describes the many health risks caused or exacerbated by climate change impacts that can harm the health of Oregon’s population, with special attention given to frontline populations. The report discusses risks to physical and mental health and covers cross-cutting risks such as economic impacts and displacement, as well as climate hazards such as heat, floods, fire, and disease. It also summarizes state policy actions on climate and health risks.
Related Organizations: Oregon Health Authority Public Health Division
Resource Category: Assessments
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Incorporating the Costs and Benefits of Adaptation Measures in Preparation for Extreme Weather Events and Climate Change (NCHRP Report 938)
2020
This guidebook, Incorporating the Costs and Benefits of Adaptation Measures in Preparation for Extreme Weather Events and Climate Change (Guidebook), provides a comprehensive resource to help transportation agencies incorporate cost-benefit analysis (CBA) into planning processes and decisions regarding needs for adapting to climate change and extreme weather. The Guidebook was published in 2020 and developed through the National Cooperative Highway Research Program, with input from practitioners at state departments of transportation (DOTs).
Related Organizations: Transportation Research Board (TRB) of the National Academies
Resource Category: Assessments
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Survival by Degrees: 389 Bird Species on the Brink
October 10, 2019
From the National Audubon Society, this report describes a comprehensive climate change vulnerability assessment for North American birds. The study projects avian species geographic range changes due to climatic shifts, identifies the most vulnerable species and locations, and maps the risk of various climate hazards to avian species. The results of this study can inform conservation priorities as they help identify the species and locations most in need of climate adaptation solutions. Audubon examined the current and projected geographic range of 604 bird species across North America to establish a vulnerability rating (neutral, low, moderate, or high) based on a comparison of future range loss and gain for individual species and species groupings by habitat.
Related Organizations: National Audubon Society
Resource Category: Assessments
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Caltrans District Climate Change Vulnerability Assessments (2019)
October 2019
Between 2017 and 2019, the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) produced climate change vulnerability assessments and corresponding GIS mapping tools for each of its twelve districts covering the state to help build resilience through transportation decisionmaking. For each Caltrans district, the assessments include high-level overviews of climate change impacts (summary reports) and detailed technical reports on the processes used to identify relevant climate impacts. The reports and mapping tools are designed to help Caltrans planners understand impacts to the portions of the State Highway System (SHS) and other assets in each district, and plan projects accordingly to ensure resilience under future conditions.
Related Organizations: California Department of Transportation (Caltrans)
Resource Category: Assessments
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Killer Heat in the United States
July 2019
The Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) has evaluated how climate change will contribute to increasing incidence of dangerous high heat days across the U. S. This includes an analysis of the growing number of high heat days across various regions of the country, described under three climate change scenarios. The report also details the public health consequences of extreme heat and the populations that are particularly vulnerable to these threats. Policy recommendations are offered with adaptation measures that can be implemented at all levels of government to address rising temperatures.
Related Organizations: Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS)
Authors or Affiliated Users: Kristina Dahl, Erika Spanger-Siegfried, Rachel Licker, Astrid Caldas, John Abatzoglou, Nicholas Mailloux, Rachel Cleetus, Shana Udvardy, Juan Declet-Barreto, Pamela Worth
Resource Category: Assessments
